304 vs 304L - Kev sib xyaw, kev kho cua sov, cov khoom siv, thiab kev siv
Dec 23, 2025
Tso lus
Stainless hlau 304 thiab 304L yog cov qib siab tshaj plaws austenitic hauv engineering, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev yuav khoom. engineers thiab procurement managers feem ntau hnyav corrosion kuj, weldability, mechanical zog, thiab nqi thaum xaiv ntawm lawv. Cov neeg tsim khoom npaj yuav tsum xav txog kev tsim cov khoom hauv qab: vuam hnyav, tom qab- vuam kev kho mob, sib sau, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog cov ntsiab lus carbon: 304L yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon tsawg ntawm 304, tsim los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm chromium carbide nag lossis daus (sensitization) thaum vuam thiab kub kub. Qhov kev sib txawv ntawd yog vim li cas 304 thiab 304L feem ntau piv rau - lawv muab ze li qhov kev txhim kho corrosion thiab microstructure, tab sis cov pa roj carbon qis hauv 304L txhim kho kev ua tau zoo hauv cov khoom sib dhos thiab cov khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem daws tau tom qab fabrication.
Standards thiab Designations
Cov qauv loj thiab cov qauv tsim: - ASTM / ASME: ASTM A240 / ASME SA240 (phaj, ntawv, sawb rau cov hlab ntsha siab thiab siv dav). - EN: EN 10088 series (stainless steels - ntau yam khoom qauv). - JIS: SUS304 thiab SUS304L. - GB: 0Cr18Ni9 (304) thiab 0Cr18Ni9L (304L) sib npaug hauv Suav cov qauv.
Kev faib cov khoom siv: - Ob leeg 304 thiab 304L yog austenitic stainless hlau (stainless, non-ferromagnetic thaum tag nrho austenitic). - Lawv tsis yog carbon steels, cuab yeej hlau, lossis HSLA; lawv yog cov hlau tsis muaj corrosion-resistant.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
| Element | 304 (tus qauv / spec ntau) | 304L (tus qauv / spec ntau) |
|---|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.08% | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.03% |
| Manganese (Mn) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2.0% | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2.0% |
| Silicon (Si) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1.0% | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1.0% |
| Phosphorus (P) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.045% | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.045% |
| Sulfur (S) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.03% | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.03% |
| Chromium (Cr) | 18.0–20.0% | 18.0–20.0% |
| Nickel (Ni) | 8.0–10.5% | 8.0–12.0% |
| Molybdenum (hli) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.10% (feem ntau tsis muaj) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.10% |
| Nitrogen (N) | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.10% (khiav) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.10% |
| Nb, Ti, V, B | kab / feem ntau tsis ntxiv | kab / feem ntau tsis ntxiv |
Mechanical Properties
| Khoom | 304 (ntxiv, raug) | 304L (ntxiv, raug) |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile zog (Rm) | ≈ 515 MPa (min) | ≈ 485 MPa (min) |
| 0.2% Yield zog (Rp0.2) | ≈ 205 MPa (min) | ≈ 170 MPa (min) |
| Elongation (A) | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 40% (hauv 50 mm) | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 40% (hauv 50 mm) |
| Impact toughness (chav tsev temp) | High ductile toughness | High ductile toughness |
| Hardness (HB / HRB) | Tus cwj pwm nruab nrab, strain-hardening | Me ntsis qis pib hardness |
Tej kev siv
| 304 - Kev siv ib txwm | 304L - Ib txwm siv |
|---|---|
| Cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj, kev ua zaub mov, dej haus nroj tsuag | Hnyav welded hlab ntsha thiab kav dej hauv cov nroj tsuag tshuaj |
| Architectural trim, hniav panels | Welded cia tanks thiab cov hlab ntsha uas tom qab vuam anneal yog impractical |
| Thaum tshav kub kub exchangers (mob ib puag ncig) | Cov kav dej phwj thiab cov kav dej khib nyiab thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog kev vuam dav dav |
| Fasteners, springs (qhov twg corrosion kuj thiab lub zog xav tau) | Pharmaceutical thiab biotech welded systems yuav tsum tau corrosion kuj ntawm welds |
| Automotive trim, cov khoom siv | Cov hlab ntsha siab thiab cov kav dej nrog cov vuam loj loj uas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb |
Nqi thiab Muaj
Ob qib muaj dav thoob ntiaj teb hauv daim ntawv phaj, daim ntawv, sawb, raj, thiab daim ntawv bar.
304 feem ntau yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws thiab, nyob rau hauv ntau lub khw, marginally tsis tshua kim vim yog dav ntau lawm ntau thiab tsawg zog carbon tswj.
304L tuaj yeem nqa tus nqi me me vim tias muaj kev tswj xyuas nruj dua thaum lub sijhawm yaj thiab ua tiav, tab sis tus nqi them feem ntau me me piv rau tag nrho cov nqi tsim khoom thaum tshem tawm cov nqi kho mob tom qab vuam.
| Kev ntsuas | 304 | 304L |
|---|---|---|
| Weldability (tsis kam rau rhiab heev) | Zoo; yuav tsum tau saib xyuas rau hnyav welds | Zoo dua rau qhov hnyav weldments thiab qhov twg PWHT tsis ua tiav |
| Lub zog-Toughness | Tsawg zog me ntsis; sib npaug siab toughness | Tsawg zog me ntsis; sib npaug siab toughness |
| Nqi | Feem ntau marginally qis | Feem ntau marginally siab dua tab sis feem ntau nqi-zoo rau welded systems |
Peb muab ntau yam ntawm cov qib stainless hlau, suav nrog cov dav siv 304 thiab 316 series, nrog rau cov qib tshwj xeeb xws li 430, 201, duplex, thiab super austenitic steels, tailored kom tau raws li ntau yam kev lag luam thiab ib puag ncig. Txawm hais tias koj xav tau kev tiv thaiv corrosion-cov kev daws teeb meem rau kev siv dej hiav txwv, zaub mov- qib kev ua raws, siab- qhov kub thiab txias, lossis kev cai tshwj xeeb, peb pab pawg kws tshaj lij tau npaj los pab.
Stainless hlau khoom kuaj
Txhua batch ntawm exported stainless hlau cov khoom ua raws li cov qauv nruj tshaj plaws: los ntawm spectral tsom xam ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv los xyuas kom meej muaj pes tsawg leeg, rau nto polishing precision tshuaj xyuas rau daim iav -zoo li smoothness; los ntawm kev ntsuas tshuaj ntsev kom paub tseeb txog kev tiv thaiv corrosion lifespan, mus rau lub cev kev ua tau zoo kuaj uas lav lub zog thiab toughness. Peb muaj cov txheej txheem kev sim ua tiav thiab thib peb-cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm ob tog, ua kom txhua yam khoom tsis yog ua raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb ASTM, JIS, thiab EN cov qauv, tab sis kuj muab "zero- tsis zoo" kev cog lus, muab kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb rau koj thoob plaws hauv koj txoj kev yuav khoom.
Peb lub Hoobkas
Peb lub Hoobkas tau nruab nrog cov kab ntau lawm thiab cov khoom siv CNC ua. Txhua kauj ruam -los ntawm precision slitting thiab laser txiav mus rau saum npoo polishing thiab sib sau vuam- ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim khoom nruj thiab cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb. Ib pab neeg ua haujlwm paub txog thiab kev tswj xyuas kev ua tau zoo tau koom ua ke thoob plaws, ua kom tag nrho traceability los ntawm cov khoom siv raw mus rau cov khoom tiav thiab kev ruaj ntseg zoo. Peb tsis tsuas yog muaj qhov loj - nplai ntau lawm tab sis kuj muaj kev hloov kho tau yooj yim, hloov cov hlau tsis huv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo rau hauv cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha uas ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb.
Xa kev nug