ASTM A213 / A213M Stainless Hlau Heat Exchanger Tube Standard.PDF
Aug 04, 2026
Tso lus
Puas yog koj xaiv Stainless Hlau Heat Exchanger Tubes rau koj qhov project tom ntej?Xaiv cov qauv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob kom raug yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov engineers, EPC cov neeg cog lus, thiab cov neeg yuav khoom lag luam. Ib qho khoom siv tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xeb ntxov ntxov, lub raj xau, kev kaw tsis tau npaj tseg, thiab kev saib xyuas kim heev.
Ntawm cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb, ASTM A213 / A213M-25 yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem dav dav tshaj plaws rau seamless ferritic thiab austenitic alloy steel hlab siv nyob rau hauv cov cua kub exchangers, boilers, superheaters, condensers, thiab siab hlab ntsha. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv petrochemical, hluav taws xob tsim, refinery, chiv, tshuaj, khoom noj khoom haus, thiab offshore industries.
Phau ntawv qhia no piav qhia txog dab tsi ASTM A213 / A213M-25 npog, cov kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm tshiab, qib khoom siv, kev soj ntsuam xyuas, thiab yuav ua li cas xaiv txoj cai stainless hlau tshav kub exchanger raj rau koj daim ntawv thov.
ASTM A213.PDF daim ntawv pov thawj
ASTM A213 / A213M-25 yog dab tsi?
ASTM A213/A213M-25 yog qhov tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm ASTM tus qauv lub npe: Cov Qauv Qhia rau Seamless Ferritic thiab Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, thiab Heat-Exchanger Tubes
Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tsim kev tsim khoom, tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, qhov ntev ntev, kev kho cua sov, kev sim ntsuas, thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas rau seamless alloy steel raj siv nyob rau hauv siab kub thiab siab.Unlike general-cov qauv stainless hlau tubing qauv, ASTM A213 tsom rau cov ntawv thov uas qhov kub thiab txias tseem ceeb, kev ua haujlwm siab, corrosion resistance, thiab ntev kev pab cuam lub neej.
Cov specification muaj xws li ntau yam ntawm cov qib:
Ferritic Alloys: T2, T5, T9, T11, T12, T22, T23, T24, T91, T92, T122
Austenitic Stainless hlau: TP304, TP304L, TP304H, TP316, TP316L, TP316H, TP321, TP321H, TP347, TP347H, TP310S, TP310H
Cov Qib Tshwj Xeeb: Qib nrog "H" (piv txwv li, TP304H) tau hloov cov kev cai rau kev nkag siab dua - lub zog tawg ntawm qhov kub siab.
1.1 Scope thiab Technical Requirements
Tus qauv npog cov raj seamless ua los ntawm kub- ua tiav lossis txias - cov txheej txheem tiav, npaj rau kev pabcuam hauv boilers, superheaters, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Qhov Loj: Feem ntau npog cov hlab ntawm 1/8 nti (3.2 hli) hauv txoj kab uas hla mus rau 5 nti (127 mm) sab nraud txoj kab uas hla, nrog phab ntsa thicknesses ntawm 0.015 thiab 0.500 nti.
Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas: Txhua lub raj yuav tsum tau ua kom nruj, tawv, flattening, thiab flaring tests. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua lub raj yuav tsum muaj kev sim hydrostatic los yog kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis zoo.
Kev kho cua sov: Austenitic stainless hlau raj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov cua sov- kho (kev daws teeb meem), thaum ferritic alloys yuav tsum rov ua kom sov.
2.1 Chemical Composition:
| Qib | UNS Tsim |
Cov ntsiab lus % | ||||||||||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mb | Ti | Nb | N | Cu | Ce | B | Al | ||
| TIAB SA 304 | S30400 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 8.0–11 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TP 304 L | S30403 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 8.0–13 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TP 304 H | S30409 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 8.0–11 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TP 310 S | S31008 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0- 26 | 19.0- 22 | 0.8 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TP 310 H | S31009 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 24.0–26 | 19.0–22 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | |||
| TP 310 H | S31035 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.4 | 21.5–23.5 | 23.5–26.5 | . . . | . . . | 0.40- 0.6 | 0.20- 0.3 | 2.5- 3.5 | . . . | 0.002- 0.008 | |
| TIAB SA 316 | S31600 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0–18 | 10.0–14 | 2.00–3 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TP 316 L | S31603 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0–18 | 10.0–14 | 2.00–3 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TP 316 H | S31609 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 16.0–18 | 10.0–14 | 2.00–3 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TIAB SA 317 | S31700 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 11.0–15 | 3.0–4 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TIAB SA 317L | S31703 | 0.035 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 18.0–20 | 11.0–15 | 3.0–4 | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
| TIAB SA 321 | S32100 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0–19 | 9.0–12 | . . . | Ti 5 × (C+N) min, 0.70 max | . . . | 0.1 | . . . | . . . | ||
| TP 321 H | S32109 | 0.04 – 0.1 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0–19 | 9.0–12 | . . . | 4 (C + N) min; 0.70 max | . . . | 0.1 | . . . | . . . | ||
| TIAB SA 347 | S34700 | 0.08 | 2 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1 | 17.0–19 | 9.0–13 | . . . | . . . | Saib Spec | . . . | . . . | . . . | ||
2.2 Tensile Requirements
| Qib | UNS | Tensile zog, Min. Ksi [MPa] | Yield zog, min. Ksi [MPa] | Elongation nyob rau hauv 2 nyob rau hauv. los yog 50 hli, min, % A, B |
Hardness, Max | |
| Lub npe | Brinell / Vickers | Rockwell | ||||
| TIAB SA 304 | S30400 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 304 L | S30403 | 70 [485] | 25 [170] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 304 H | S30409 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 304 N | S30415 | 80 [550] | 35 [240] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 310 S | S31008 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 310 H | S31009 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TIAB SA 316 | S31600 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 316 L | S31603 | 70 [485] | 25 [170] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 316 H | S31609 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 316 Ti | S31635 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TIAB SA 317 | S31700 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 34 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TIAB SA 317L | S31703 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TIAB SA 321 | S32100 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TP 321 H | S32109 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
| TIAB SA 347 | S34700 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] | 35 | 192 HBW / 200Hv | 90 HB |
2.3 Kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau ua
| Qib | UNS Lub npe |
Thaum tshav kub kub kho hom | Austenitizing / Solutioning Kub, min los yog ntau yam℃F [degree] | Txias Media | ASTM Grain Loj No. B |
| TIAB SA 304 | S30400 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TP 304 L | S30403 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TP 304 H | S30409 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | 7 |
| TIAB SA 309S | S30908 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TP 309 H | S30909 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | 7 |
| TP 310 S | S31008 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TP 310 H | S31009 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | 7 |
| TIAB SA 316 | S31600 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TP 316 L | S31603 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TP 316 H | S31609 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | 7 |
| TIAB SA 317 | S31700 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TIAB SA 317L | S31703 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TIAB SA 321 | S32100 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
| TP 321 H | S32109 | Kev kho mob | ua haujlwm txias: 2000 [1090] kub dov: 1925 [1050]H |
dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | 7 |
| TIAB SA 347 | S34700 | Kev kho mob | 1900℃F [1040 degree] | dej los yog lwm yam txias txias | . . . |
2.4 Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (OD) Tolerances
Txias-cov raj tsis muaj seamless yog tsim los kom nruj dua sab nraud ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov kub siab dua li kub- cov raj tiav, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb tau zoo dua thiab zoo dua cov khoom sib txuas sib txuas.
| Specified Sab Nraud Diameter | Specified Sab Nraud Diameter | Permissible Variation | Permissible Variation |
|---|---|---|---|
| hauv. | mm | hauv. | mm |
| Hauv qab 1,000 | Hauv qab 25.4 | ±0.004 | ±0.10 |
| 1.000 mus rau 1.500 | 25.4 mus rau 38.1 | ±0.006 | ±0.15 |
| 1.500 mus rau 2.000 | 38.1 txog 50.8 | ±0.008 | ±0.20 |
| 2.000 mus rau 2.500 | 50.8 rau 63.5 | ±0.010 | ±0.25 |
| 2.500 mus rau 3.000 | 63.5 rau 76.2 | ±0.012 | ±0.30 |
Nco tseg:
Kub- cov raj ua tiav tau tso cai rau qhov loj dua qhov ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, txias- cov raj ua tiav feem ntau yog nyiam rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv vim lawv qhov ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws, kev tswj kom nruj dua, thiab cov khoom siv kho kom zoo dua qub.
2.5 Phab ntsa Thickness kam rau ua
ASTM A213 feem ntau muab cov raj rau ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus phab ntsa Thickness tshwj tsis yog tias tau teev tseg hauv kev yuav khoom. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, qhov tsis zoo phab ntsa thickness kam rau ua yog tsis tso cai.
Txias-Tiav Tubes
| Tube Hom | Permissible Variation |
|---|---|
| Yam tsawg kawg ntawm phab ntsa Thickness | +20% / −0% |
| Qhov Nruab Nrab Phab Ntsa Thickness * | ±10% |
Kub-Tiav Tubes
| Tube Hom | Permissible Variation |
|---|---|
| Yam tsawg kawg nkaus phab ntsa Thickness (t> 0.180 nyob rau hauv.) | +28% / −0% |
| Yam tsawg kawg nkaus phab ntsa Thickness (t Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.180 nyob rau hauv.) | +35% / −0% |
| Qhov Nruab Nrab Phab Ntsa Thickness * | ± 12.5% rau ± 15% |
Nco tseg:Qhov nruab nrab ntawm phab ntsa thickness kam rau ua tsuas yog thaum qhia meej meej hauv daim ntawv xaj khoom.
2.6 Txiav Length Tolerances
Cov kev kam rau siab hauv qab no siv rauqhia txiav ntev, tshwj tsis yog tias pom zoo ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom.
| Txoj kev tsim khoom | Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla | Ntev | Zoo Siab Tolerance | Zoo Siab Tolerance | Negative Tolerance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hauv. | mm | ||||
| Txias- lossis Kub-Tiav lawm | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 2 nti (50.8 mm) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 24 ft (7.3 m) | +1/8 | +3 | 0 |
| Txias- lossis Kub-Tiav lawm | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 2 nti (50.8 mm) | >24 ft (7.3 m) | Ntxiv +1/8 nti rau txhua qhov ntxiv 10 ft | Ntxiv +3 hli rau txhua qhov ntxiv 3 m | 0 |
| Txias- lossis Kub-Tiav lawm | >2 nti (50.8mm) | Txhua qhov ntev | +3/16 | +5 | 0 |
2.7 Kev Ncaj Ncees Tolerance
ASTM A213 qhia qhov siab tshaj qhov sib txawv ntawm: 1/8 nti rau 10 ko taw (kwv yees li 3 hli ib 3,000 hli).
Rau siab -kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, cov kev xav tau nruj dua yuav raug pom zoo los ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom.
2.8 Ovality kam rau ua
Rau nyias- phab ntsa hlab (siab OD-rau- phab ntsa-thickness ratio), ovality yog feem ntau tswj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam sab nraud kam rau ua.
Qhov tshwj xeeb ntsuas:
Ovality (qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus sab nraud) yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj ob npaug ntawm qhov tso cai rau sab nraud txoj kab uas hla, tshwj tsis yog tias tau teev tseg.
2.9 Tshwj xeeb kam rau ua rau U-Bend Tubes
Txij li thaum ASTM A213 raj tau dav siv rau U-khoov cov cua kub exchanger raj, ntxiv qhov yuav tsum tau muaj feem ntau siv tom qab khoov.
| Yam khoom | Yam yuav tsum tau muaj |
|---|---|
| Phab ntsa thinning ntawm khoov | Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm phab ntsa yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 10% ntawm cov phab ntsa thickness |
| Leg ntev kam rau ua | +1/8 nti ({3}} mm) / −0 |
| Roundness ntawm khoov | Tube flattening lossis deformation feem ntau txwv rau 10% siab tshaj plaws |
Thov qhia rau peb paub yog tias koj xav tau cov kev ntsuas kev ua siab ntev rau cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb (xws li 19.05mm x 2.11mm lossis 25.4mm x 1.65mm).
FAQ
Kev ntsuas siab rau ASTM A213 yog dab tsi?
ASTM A213 tsis muaj ib qho kev ntsuas siab ruaj khov vim tias nws yog kev tsim khoom tshwj xeeb rau cov raj seamless es tsis yog cov khoom tiav nrog kev txwv. Qhov tseeb ua haujlwm siab nyob ntawm plaub qhov sib txawv: sab nraud, phab ntsa tuab, cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb (xws li TP304, TP316, lossis T11), thiab kev ua haujlwm kub.
Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm ASTM A213 yog dab tsi?
ASTM A213 tsis muaj qhov ntsuas kub ib zaug vim tias nws npog ntau qhov sib txawv seamless ferritic thiab austenitic steel raj qib rau boilers, superheaters, thiab kub exchangers. Kev tsim kho cua sov kub ntawm 1200℃F txog 2050℃F (650℃txog 1120 degree), thaum qhov kev pabcuam ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ncua mus txog 1500℃F (815 degree) nyob ntawm cov qib alloy tshwj xeeb.
ASTM A213 TP304 yog dab tsi?
ASTM A213 TP304 yog tus qauv tshwj xeeb rau seamless austenitic stainless hlau tubing ua los ntawm Hom 304 stainless hlau, tshwj xeeb tsim los siv rau hauv siab - kub thiab siab - siab ib puag ncig xws li boilers, superheaters, thiab tshav kub exchangers.
ASTM A213 TP316L yog dab tsi?
ASTM A213 TP316L yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb rau seamless qis - carbon austenitic stainless hlau tubing siv nyob rau hauv siab - kub thiab corrosive daim ntaub ntawv xws li boilers, superheaters, thiab tshav kub exchangers. "TP" sawv cev rau cov khoom siv raj, "316" qhia txog qib alloy, thiab "L" qhia cov ntsiab lus qis.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ASTM A213 thiab ASTM A249?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ASTM A213 thiab ASTM A249 yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv uas lawv npog: ASTM A213 qhia txog seamless ferritic thiab austenitic alloy- cov raj hlau, thaum ASTM A249 qhia welded austenitic steel tubes.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm A213 thiab A269 tubing?
A213 yog tus qauv rau cov hlab ntsha siab thiab cov boilers, yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ntawm siab -kub creep thiab siab - ib puag ncig siab; A269 yog ib qho dav dav - lub hom phiaj tus qauv feem ntau siv rau kev ntsuas tubing thiab kev xeb dav dav - cov kav dej tiv taus. A213 tswj hwm kev sib tw, flaring, thiab hardness tests, whereas A269 muaj cov kev cai yooj yim rau cov kev ntsuam xyuas no, qee zaum kho lawv tsuas yog siv cov ntawv txheeb xyuas.
Cov cuab yeej cuab tam twg yuav tsum tau xeem rau ASTM A213 stainless hlau tubing?
Raws li tus qauv, cov kev xeem hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua ntawm txhua qhov ntau:
Tensile Test: Txhawm rau txiav txim siab tawm lub zog, lub zog tensile, thiab elongation.
Hardness Test: Rau austenitic stainless hlau (xws li, 304/316), hardness feem ntau yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaj 192 HBW los yog 90 HRB.
Flattening Test: txhawm rau xyuas lub raj ductility thiab kuaj pom muaj cov kab nrib pleb.
Flaring Test: Simulate lub raj - nthuav cov txheej txheem thaum lub sij hawm kev teeb tsa rau hauv cov ntawv kub exchanger raj; lub raj kawg yuav tsum tau flared mus rau ib txoj kab uas hla tsis muaj cracking.
Vim li cas Eddy Current Testing (ET) feem ntau xav tau rau A213 cov cua kub exchanger raj?
Thaum tshav kub kub exchanger raj muaj cov phab ntsa nyias.
Hydrostatic Test: txhawm rau xyuas kom meej tias lub raj tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov siab yam tsis muaj dej.
Eddy Tam sim no Test: Muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas qhov microscopic qhov, kab nrib pleb, lossis cov khoom tsis sib xws tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab.
Raws li A213 tus qauv, tsis yog -kev kuaj hluav taws xob puas tsuaj (ET lossis UT) feem ntau tuaj yeem hloov pauv rau qhov kev sim hydrostatic, tshwj tsis yog tias daim ntawv xaj xaj yuav tsum muaj ob qho tib si.
Xa kev nug